London, like many other large cities in Europe, is now home to immigrants from many different countries. In some areas of greater Londont immigrant families now outnumber the white British families that have been living in the area for many generations. As a result the English spoken in these areas has changed rapidly, with many innovations that we argue are due to the indirect effect of multiple language contact. We discuss some of innovations in terms of why and how they have emerged, and consider the available evidence that can indicate whether the innovations are likely to survive.
